Ask someone where coffee is grown, most will list Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, maybe Indonesia. However, Mexico is a major player in the coffee industry and produces some of the best specialty-grade coffees globally.
El Campo focuses exclusively on Mexican coffees (more on why in a future post). Below is an introduction to what makes Mexican coffee unique!
Production:
Mexico is one of the world's largest coffee producers. As of 2020, Mexico produced approximately 3.6 million 60kg bags of coffee, making it the 9th largest coffee producer globally.
Varieties:
Mexico cultivates various coffee varieties, including Typica, Bourbon, Mundo Novo, Caturra, and Catimor. These varieties contribute to the diverse flavor profiles found in Mexican coffees.
Cooperatives:
Mexico has a vibrant network of coffee cooperatives. These cooperatives play a crucial role in supporting small-scale farmers, improving coffee quality, and promoting fair trade practices. 95% of farms are less than three hectares in size and 85% are indigenous run.
Heritage:
Mexico has a longstanding history of coffee cultivation, dating back to the 18th century. The country's diverse landscapes, volcanic soils, and optimal climate create ideal conditions for coffee production. The rich cultural heritage of Mexico is intertwined with coffee, and it is evident in the delightful flavors found in each cup.
Regions:
Mexican coffee is known for its versatility, offering a wide range of flavor profiles to suit every coffee enthusiast's preferences. The regions of Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, and Puebla are renowned for producing exceptional coffee beans.
- Chiapas: Nestled in the southern part of Mexico, Chiapas produces coffee with a medium body, subtle acidity, and notes of chocolate and nuttiness. This region's coffee is often described as smooth and well-balanced.
- Oaxaca: With its mountainous terrain and lush vegetation, Oaxaca produces coffee with vibrant flavors. Expect a bright acidity, fruity undertones, and a floral aroma that is truly captivating.
- Veracruz: Located in the eastern part of Mexico, Veracruz offers a coffee experience characterized by medium acidity, a full body, and notes of caramel and citrus. This region's coffee is often considered bold and rich.
- Puebla: Puebla's coffee is known for its medium acidity, well-rounded body, and flavors that range from chocolate and nuts to delicate floral undertones. It provides a delightful combination of complexity and balance.
- Nayarit: Situated on the Pacific coast, Nayarit is a relatively new player in the Mexican coffee industry. Coffees from this region often exhibit flavors of tropical fruits and have a bright acidity.
- Guerrero: Guerrero is a region known for its high-quality specialty coffees. The coffees produced here are often well-balanced, with flavor notes that can include chocolate, caramel, and citrus.
Sustainability:
Mexican coffee farmers have embraced sustainable farming practices, focusing on environmentally friendly cultivation methods. Many small-scale farmers employ shade-grown techniques, which not only protect the delicate coffee plants from harsh sunlight but also promote biodiversity and preserve the natural habitats of local wildlife. Furthermore, fair trade practices are prevalent in the Mexican coffee industry. This means that farmers receive fair compensation for their efforts, allowing them to improve their living conditions and reinvest in their communities.
Specialty Coffee:
Mexican coffee has gained recognition in the specialty coffee industry, attracting the attention of coffee aficionados worldwide. The attention to detail during harvesting and processing, combined with the unique regional characteristics, contributes to the production of high-quality beans that are sought after by coffee connoisseurs.